What is a Letter of Recommendation (LOR)? – Samples, Tips & Format

A Letter of Recommendation is a formal endorsement from a professor, teacher or supervisor that highlights a student’s academic performance, skills and character. LORs are of two types: academic and professional and it is essential for study abroad applications. A strong LOR is written on official letterhead. It is typically ranges from 400–800 words and can significantly boost admission chances by validating achievements and potential.

A Letter of Recommendation (LOR) is one of the most crucial documents in a study abroad application. While your Statement of Purpose explains your goals in your own words. LOR acts as a third party validation of your skills, academic achievements and personal qualities. Written by professors, teachers, managers or supervisors, an LOR reassures the admission committee that you are a strong candidate for their program.

For international students, a well drafted LOR can often become a deciding factor in admission decisions, especially when universities receive thousands of competitive applications. In this guide, we will explain everything about what an LOR is, its types, format, tips, samples and how to request one effectively.

What is a Letter of Recommendation (LOR)?

A Letter of Recommendation (LOR) is a formal letter written by a professor, teacher, manager or supervisor who has closely worked with the applicant. It describes the applicants academic performance, work ethic, character, achievements and skills to help universities assess their suitability for the chosen program.

Unlike resumes or transcripts, an LOR adds credibility and a personal touch to your application, as it comes from someone with authority who knows your capabilities.

Why is a Letter of Recommendation Important?

A strong LOR can significantly impact your admission chances. Here’s why:

• Credibility check – Endorses your achievements from a trusted source.
• Highlights soft skills – Work ethic, teamwork, leadership, communication.
• Adds anecdotes – Real examples show your potential beyond grades.
• Differentiator – Helps you stand out among thousands of applicants.
• Required for visas & admissions – Many universities abroad make it mandatory.

Think of an LOR as a professor or manager speaking on your behalf when you cannot.

Types of Letter of Recommendation

There are mainly two types of LORs, depending on the applicant’s background:

1. Academic LOR

• Written by teachers, professors, principals, HODs.
• Focuses on academic performance, subject knowledge, projects and learning abilities.
• Best for students applying to UG, MS, or PhD programs abroad.

2. Professional LOR

• Written by managers, team leads, or supervisors.
• Focuses on work experience, leadership, problem-solving, teamwork and professional achievements.
• Mandatory for MBA or programs requiring work experience.

Where Do You Need a Letter of Recommendation?

LORs are required for almost every study-abroad program. Depending on the level:

• UG Students – Teachers, school principal, or counsellor.
• MS Students – College professors, project supervisors, internship mentors.
• MBA Students – Professional supervisors, managers (not professors if you have work experience).
• PhD Candidates – Research guides, academic advisors, or project mentors.

Most universities ask for 2–3 LORs per application.

How to Write a Letter of Recommendation (LOR)?

A good LOR should be specific, well-structured, and tailored to the student.

Key Features:

• Word Limit: 400–800 words
• Tone: Formal, positive, and in the first person
• Structure: Introduction → Skills/Qualities → Examples → Closing Recommendation

Avoid:

• Generic praise (“He is hardworking”)
• Irrelevant anecdotes
• Copy-paste templates
• Misinformation

Format of a Letter of Recommendation

Here’s the ideal LOR format universities expect:

• Salutation – “To Whom It May Concern,”
• Paragraph 1 (Introduction) – Relationship with applicant, how long you’ve known them.
• Paragraph 2 (Strengths & Skills) – Academic/professional strengths with examples.
• Paragraph 3 (Specific Incident) – Anecdote showing leadership, problem-solving, or achievement.
• Closing Paragraph – Strong recommendation, confidence in applicant’s success.
• Signature & Letterhead – On official school/company letterhead.

Academic vs Professional LORs (Comparison Table)

Tips for Writing a Strong LOR

• Research the university requirements before writing.
• Be specific – use examples instead of generic praise.
• Keep it formal – avoid slang or over-the-top language.
• Stay honest – false claims can be cross-checked.
• Make each LOR unique – every recommender should highlight different qualities.

How to Request a Letter of Recommendation?

• Choose the right recommender – someone who knows you well.
• Ask politely and early (at least 1–2 months before deadlines).
• Share your resume, SOP, and achievements with them.
• Explain the program and deadlines.
• Request them to use official letterhead.

Sample Letter of Recommendation (LOR)

To Whom It May Concern,

I am pleased to recommend [Student’s Name] for admission to your esteemed university. As [Student’s Professor/Teacher/Mentor] at [Institution Name], I have had the privilege of teaching and mentoring [Student’s Name] for the past [X years], particularly in courses such as [Subject/Field].

During this time, [Student’s Name] has consistently demonstrated exceptional academic ability, problem-solving skills, and leadership qualities. Their dedication to learning and innovative thinking set them apart from their peers. For instance, while working on a research project on [specific topic], [Student’s Name] not only excelled in analysis but also introduced unique perspectives that improved the overall outcome.

Beyond academics, [Student’s Name] has shown remarkable teamwork, communication skills, and adaptability. They actively participated in group discussions, often taking the initiative to help peers and contributing to collaborative success. In addition, their involvement in [extracurricular activity/club/project] highlights a well-rounded personality and the ability to balance academics with other commitments.

I am confident that [Student’s Name] will thrive in a challenging academic environment and make meaningful contributions to your university. With their intellectual curiosity, determination, and positive attitude, they are well-prepared to succeed in the program and beyond.

Therefore, I strongly recommend [Student’s Name] for admission to [Course Name] at your institution. Please feel free to contact me at [Email/Phone Number] for any further details.

Sincerely,
[Recommender’s Full Name]
[Designation]
[Institution/Organization Name]
[Contact Details]

Sample Letters of Recommendation (LOR) for Study Abroad

1. Academic LOR for Undergraduate (UG) Application

To Whom It May Concern,

I am delighted to recommend [Student’s Name] for admission to the undergraduate program at your prestigious university. I have taught [Student’s Name] for the past two years in subjects such as English Literature and History, and I have been consistently impressed by their academic commitment, creativity, and analytical skills.

[Student’s Name] has shown an exceptional ability to connect theory with practice. For example, during a class project on modern history, they delivered an outstanding presentation, demonstrating strong research skills and an original perspective. Their essays and assignments reflect critical thinking and a flair for writing beyond their age group.

Apart from academics, [Student’s Name] has actively participated in debate clubs and cultural activities, often representing the school in inter-school competitions. Their teamwork, leadership qualities, and communication skills make them stand out as a well-rounded student.

I firmly believe that [Student’s Name] will excel at your university and contribute positively to both academics and campus life.

Sincerely,
[Teacher’s Full Name]
[Designation, School Name]
[Contact Details]

2. Academic LOR for Master’s (MS) Application

To Whom It May Concern,

It is my pleasure to recommend [Student’s Name] for the Master’s program in Computer Science at your esteemed institution. As [Student’s Name]’s professor and project supervisor at [University Name], I have closely observed their growth as a scholar and researcher over the past three years.

During their undergraduate studies, [Student’s Name] displayed an exceptional aptitude for data science, algorithms, and artificial intelligence. Their final-year project, “Machine Learning Models for Healthcare Predictions”, showcased not only their technical expertise but also their ability to apply knowledge to solve real-world problems.

[Student’s Name] has consistently been among the top 5% of the class, securing excellent grades in advanced subjects. What truly impressed me was their perseverance and curiosity, often going beyond the syllabus to explore innovative approaches in their work.

I am confident that [Student’s Name] will thrive in a challenging Master’s program and contribute significantly through research and innovation.

Sincerely,
[Professor’s Full Name]
[Head of Department, University Name]
[Contact Details]

3. Professional LOR for MBA Application

To Whom It May Concern,

I am writing to strongly recommend [Employee’s Name] for admission to the MBA program at your esteemed university. I have had the pleasure of supervising [Employee’s Name] for the past three years at [Company Name], where they worked as a Business Analyst.

[Employee’s Name] has demonstrated exceptional leadership, problem-solving, and analytical abilities. For instance, they successfully led a cross-functional team to streamline client operations, reducing costs by 15% while improving efficiency. Their ability to manage projects under tight deadlines while motivating team members sets them apart as a future leader.

Additionally, [Employee’s Name] shows excellent communication skills and has represented the company in several client meetings. Their insights and recommendations often brought innovative solutions that directly impacted business outcomes.

I am confident that [Employee’s Name] will bring the same level of dedication, strategic thinking, and leadership potential to your MBA program and emerge as a valuable contributor to your institution.

Sincerely,
[Manager’s Full Name]
[Designation, Company Name]
[Contact Details]

Sample Academic Letter of Recommendation (UG/MS)

To Whom It May Concern,

I am delighted to recommend [Student’s Full Name], who has been my student for the past two years in the Department of [Subject/Field] at [College/University Name]. During this time, I had the privilege of teaching [Student’s Name] in multiple courses and guiding them on research projects.

[Student’s Name] has consistently demonstrated strong analytical skills, curiosity for learning, and exceptional dedication. For example, while working on a project about [specific project/topic], they showcased not only a deep understanding of the subject but also the ability to apply theoretical concepts in practical contexts. Their work was highly commended by the review panel.

Beyond academics, [Student’s Name] has been actively involved in extracurricular activities, including [clubs/events]. This balance of academics and co-curriculars highlights their leadership and time-management skills.

Given [Student’s Name]’s academic record, intellectual capacity, and motivation, I strongly recommend them for the [Program Name, e.g., Master’s in Computer Science] at your esteemed university. I am confident that they will contribute positively and excel in your academic community.

Sincerely,
[Professor’s Full Name]
[Designation]
[Institution Name]
[Email & Contact Information]

Sample Professional Letter of Recommendation (MBA/Experienced Applicant)

To Whom It May Concern,

I am pleased to recommend [Employee’s Full Name], who worked under my supervision as a [Job Title] at [Company Name] from [Start Date] to [End Date]. During this time, I closely observed their professional growth, dedication, and contribution to our team.

[Employee’s Name] has shown excellent leadership and problem-solving skills. A notable instance was when they successfully led a team project on [specific project], which resulted in a [quantifiable achievement, e.g., 20% revenue growth or cost savings]. Their ability to think critically and inspire others makes them an asset in any collaborative environment.

Apart from technical expertise, [Employee’s Name] has displayed outstanding communication and organizational abilities. They regularly mentored junior employees and were trusted with client-facing responsibilities, which speaks volumes about their reliability and professionalism.

I firmly believe that [Employee’s Name] has the skills, experience, and determination required to thrive in the [MBA Program Name] at your university. They are an excellent candidate for your program and will contribute immensely to your academic community.

Sincerely,
[Manager’s Full Name]
[Designation]
[Company Name]
[Email & Contact Information]

Comparison Table: UG vs MS vs MBA LORs

Checklist Before Submitting Your LOR

• Make sure the recommender’s details (designation, institution/company, email) are accurate.
• LOR should be written on official letterhead (school/college/company).
• Keep the word count between 400–800 words (depending on course level).
• Ensure the LOR has a formal tone and avoids casual/slang language.
• Include specific examples or anecdotes instead of generic praise.
• Avoid repetition of details already mentioned in SOP/Resume.
• Double-check for grammar, clarity, and formatting before submission.
• Submit well before deadlines to avoid last-minute rejections.

Conclusion

A Letter of Recommendation (LOR) is much more than just a formality, it’s a powerful endorsement of your capabilities from someone credible. A strong, personalized LOR can strengthen your application and make you stand out in the competitive study abroad admissions process.

Whether it’s an academic LOR from your professor or a professional LOR from your manager, ensure it is specific, honest and aligned with your SOP. With the right strategy, your LOR can be the deciding factor in securing admission to your dream university.

Frequently Asked Questions