As an international student aiming to study in the United States, one of the most important decisions you’ll face is choosing between the ACT and the SAT. These two standardized tests are used for college admissions and can determine whether or not you get accepted into your dream university. However, understanding the differences between these two exams, their formats, and how they fit your strengths and needs can be a challenge.
In this blog, we’ll break down the key differences between the ACT and SAT, explain how to decide which one is the best fit for you, and provide you with some helpful insights for making an informed decision.
What Are the ACT and SAT?
Both the ACT and the SAT are standardized tests used by colleges and universities in the United States as part of their admission process. They assess your skills in areas such as reading, writing, and math, but they do so in slightly different ways.
- ACT (American College Testing): The ACT is designed to measure your ability to apply what you’ve learned in high school. It includes sections on English, math, reading, science, and an optional writing test.
- SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test): The SAT focuses more on reasoning and problem-solving abilities. It consists of sections on reading, writing, and math. The SAT also includes an optional essay section, although many universities no longer require it.
Key Differences Between the ACT and SAT
Let’s dive into the core differences between these two exams. Understanding these differences will help you decide which test is right for you based on your strengths and preferences.
| Feature | ACT | SAT |
| Number of Sections | 4 (English, Math, Reading, Science) | 3 (Reading, Writing & Language, Math) |
| Time Limit | 2 hours 55 minutes (excluding the optional essay) | 3 hours (excluding the optional essay) |
| Total Questions | 215 questions | 154 questions |
| Scoring | 1-36 for each section, composite score out of 36 | 400-1600, combining Math and Evidence-Based Reading & Writing |
| Science Section | Yes, included (measures scientific reasoning) | No, but includes some science-related questions in reading and math |
| Math Section | Includes algebra, geometry, and trigonometry | Includes algebra, problem-solving, and data analysis |
| Essay/Optional Writing | Optional | Optional |
| Use of Calculator | Allowed in the Math section | Allowed in the Math section |
Which Test is More Difficult?
This is one of the most common questions students have when choosing between the ACT and SAT. In general, students find both exams challenging, but the difficulty can depend on your individual strengths.
- ACT: The ACT is more straightforward in its format. It tends to focus more on testing your knowledge and ability to apply specific skills learned in school. The Science section is one unique part of the ACT, which tests your ability to interpret data and solve problems in science-based scenarios. If you’re strong in science and prefer multiple-choice questions, you may feel more comfortable with the ACT.
- SAT: The SAT leans more heavily on reasoning and critical thinking. It’s slightly less fast-paced than the ACT, and many students find the Math section on the SAT to be more difficult because it involves more complex problems, particularly algebra and advanced math. The Reading section on the SAT tends to be more challenging as it involves interpreting longer and more complex texts.
Choosing the Right Test for You
Your choice of the ACT or SAT should depend on your strengths, weaknesses, and testing preferences. Here are some things to consider when deciding:
1. Test Content
- Do you enjoy science? If you like analyzing data and working with graphs, the ACT’s Science section may suit you. If science isn’t your strength, the SAT’s lack of a separate science section might be a better fit.
2. Speed
- The ACT has a faster pace and more questions to answer within the time limit. If you’re quick at reading and solving problems under pressure, the ACT may be the better choice. However, if you prefer to take your time and focus on reasoning, the SAT might be more suited to your style.
3. Math Skills
- Both tests include math, but the content differs slightly. The ACT includes a bit of trigonometry, while the SAT emphasizes algebra and data analysis more. If you’re better at algebra, the SAT might feel more comfortable.
4. Test Strategy
- ACT: If you’re good at working quickly and prefer multiple-choice questions, the ACT might be the better option.
- SAT: If you’re someone who enjoys a bit more time to think about your answers and use problem-solving strategies, the SAT might be a better fit for you.
Test-Taking Strategy Tips
Regardless of which test you choose, here are some helpful strategies for preparing for both exams:
1. Understand the Format
Familiarize yourself with the structure of the exam you’ve chosen. Practice taking mock tests to get used to the pacing and types of questions.
2. Identify Your Weak Areas
Focus your preparation on areas where you need the most improvement. If you find math difficult, spend extra time reviewing algebra and geometry for the SAT or trigonometry for the ACT.
3. Take Practice Tests
Both the ACT and SAT offer official practice materials. Taking these tests under timed conditions will help you get comfortable with the time limits and test format.
4. Use Test Prep Resources
There are plenty of free and paid resources available for both tests. Use online practice questions, prep books, or tutoring services to help you get prepared.
Which Test Should You Take?
Ultimately, choosing between the ACT and SAT is a personal decision. Here’s a quick breakdown of when you might choose one over the other:
| Test | Best For |
| ACT | Students who prefer a fast-paced test with a science section and more straightforward questions. |
| SAT | Students who prefer a focus on reasoning and critical thinking, with fewer questions to answer in the given time. |
Conclusion
Both the ACT and SAT are important standardized tests for college admissions in the United States. Choosing between the two can be daunting, but with a clear understanding of the differences and an honest assessment of your own strengths, you can make the decision that’s right for you.
The best way to approach your decision is by taking practice tests, evaluating your comfort with each exam, and choosing the one that plays to your strengths. Remember, whichever test you choose, preparation is key! Stay calm, study well, and you’ll be ready to tackle whichever exam you decide to take.